Duration: 2025-06-13 to 2031-06-12
Abstract: Non-adult individuals provide critical insight into biological, environmental, and cultural stressors. According to the Osteological Paradox, skeletal pathologies may reflect resilience and extended survival, emphasizing the value of studying non-adult paleopathology. Fetal and infant bones differ from adults in structure due to rapid growth or disease, making it challenging to distinguish normal development from pathology. Therefore, refined methods are essential for accurate bioarchaeological and paleopathological interpretations in immature remains. Genetic, hormonal, anatomical, and immunological sex-based differences must also be considered. Males are generally more susceptible to disease and early mortality, whereas females often show greater resilience. Nonetheless, gendered social norms historically reduced female survival and well-being, reinforcing inequality. As such, sex should be a key variable in evaluating extracortical bone changes.
This project investigates the health-survival relationship and immature skeletal biology using non-destructive stereoscopic microscopy, X-rays, and standard osteometric techniques. It will analyze individuals under 6 years old from contemporary identified European osteological collections. Bone surface features will be assessed by sex, age, and cause of death. The unprecedented comparative scope of these identified collections offers a unique framework for understanding normal and pathological variation across different regions. Long bone metrics will provide further context. The project promises major advances in non-adult paleopathology and fosters future interdisciplinary collaboration and methodological development.
Financial support: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) CEEC IND6ed
Coordinator: Álvaro Manuel Monge Calleja
Partner institutions: CIAS – Research Center for Anthropology and Health
Reference: 2023.09144.CEECIND/CP2832/CT0022